Rainbow Books
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The Rainbow Books are a collection of CD format specifications, generally written and published by the companies involved in their development, including Philips, Sony, Matsushita and JVC.
A number of these specifications have been officially adopted by established standards bodies, including the ISO, IEC, and ECMA.
Red Book (1980)
[edit]- CD-DA (Digital Audio) – standardized as IEC 60908:1987[1] and later IEC 60908:1999.[2]
- CD-Text – a 1996 extension to CD-DA
- CD-MIDI – part of the original Red Book standard
- CD+G (plus Graphics) – an extension of the Red Book specifications used mainly for karaoke
- CD+EG / CD+XG (plus Extended Graphics) – an extension of CD+G
Yellow Book (1983)
[edit]- CD-ROM (Read-Only Memory)[3][4] – standardized as ISO/IEC 10149[5] in 1988 and ECMA-130[6] in 1989
- CD-ROM XA (eXtended Architecture) – a 1991 extension of CD-ROM
Green Book (1986)
[edit]Orange Book (1990)
[edit]Orange is a reference to the fact that red and yellow mix to orange. This correlates with the fact that CD-R and CD-RW are capable of audio ("Red") and data ("Yellow"); although other colors (other CD standards) that do not mix are capable of being burned onto the physical medium. Orange Book also introduced the standard for multisession writing.
- CD-MO (Magneto-Optical)
- CD-R (Recordable) alias CD-WO (Write Once) alias CD-WORM (Write Once, Read Many) – partially standardized as ECMA-394[8].
- CD-RW (ReWritable) alias CD-E (Eraseable) – partially standardized as ECMA-395
Beige Book (1992)
[edit]- Photo CD (Photo) — proprietary standard jointly developed by Philips and Eastman Kodak[9]; never released to the public[10]
White Book (1993)
[edit]The White Book refers to a standard of compact disc that stores pictures and video.
- CD-i Bridge - a bridge format between CD-ROM XA and the Green Book CD-i, which is the base format for Video CDs, Super Video CDs and Photo CDs.
- VCD (Video) – a standard jointly developed and published by JVC, Matsushita, Philips and Sony.[11]
Blue Book (1995)
[edit]The Blue Book is a compact disc standard that defines the Enhanced Music CD format, which combines audio tracks and data tracks on the same disc.
- E-CD/CD+/CD Extra (Enhanced)[13]
Scarlet Book (1999)
[edit]Scarlet color of this book is a reference to the Red Book, which defines original CDDA.
- SACD (Super Audio)
Purple Book (2000)
[edit]- DDCD (Double Density)
See also
[edit]- ISO 9660, a 1986 filesystem standard used in conjunction with CD-ROM formats.
- Orange-Book-Standard, a decision named after the Compact Disc standard, issued in 2009 by the German Federal Court of Justice on the interaction between patent law and standards
References
[edit]- ^ IEC 60908:1987 Compact disc digital audio system, archived from the original on 4 September 2015, retrieved 6 May 2015
- ^ IEC 60908:1999 Audio recording – Compact disc digital audio system (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on 16 October 2015, retrieved 6 May 2015
- ^ "InfoWorld Vol. 16, No. 23". InfoWorld. June 6, 1994. p. 88. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
- ^ "Proceedings of the 5th Annual Federal Depository Library Conference". U.S. Government Printing Office. April 15–18, 1996. p. 11. Retrieved February 10, 2022.
- ^ ISO (1995). "ISO/IEC 10149:1995 – Information technology – Data interchange on read-only 120 mm optical data disks (CD-ROM)". Archived from the original on January 15, 2019. Retrieved August 6, 2010.
- ^ "Data Interchange on Read-only 120 mm Optical Data Disks (CD-ROM)" (PDF). ECMA. June 1996. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
- ^ "Green Book Version May 1994, Release 2" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 9, 2019. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
- ^ "ECMA-394. Recordable compact disc systems CD-R multi-speed. 1st edition, December 2010" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 27, 2024. Retrieved October 30, 2024.
- ^ System Description Photo CD. Eastman Kodak Corporation, and Philips Electronics N.V. 1994.
- ^ Richard Anderson. "Archive File Formats". American Society of Media Photographers. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Video CD Specifications. Victor Company of Japan, Ltd.; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.; Philips Electronics N.V; and Sony Corporation. 1994.
- ^ IEC (2000). "IEC 62107:2000 – Super video compact disc - Disc-interchange system-specification". Retrieved October 30, 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Enhanced Music CD Specification. Microsoft Corporation, Philips Electronics N.V., and Sony Corporation. 1995.
External links
[edit]- Philips CD Specifications
- "The Great Books". The World of CDs and DVDs. ThinkQuest. Archived from the original on 2012-12-09. Retrieved 2010-04-07.